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Clozapine - A Concise Clinical Overview

60 Day Free Trial – Part of your Hub Demo

Clozapine - A Concise Clinical Overview

60 Day Free Trial – Part of your Hub Demo

3 HOUR'S ACCREDITED CPD

Welcome, from Learn It Online

On this page you’ll find all course related content, including instructions, references, downloads and when appropriate, course announcements. We hope that you find this course and its accompanying resources both enjoyable and beneficial. Please feel free to contact us with any observations or suggestions. We are always seeking to improve our services and therefore welcome any feedback.

Liz Roberts
Managing Director

Course Announcements

If we have made any updates to the courses, resources, references or helpful links, we’ll make a note of it here.

Course Introduction

This concise course is a condensed version of our comprehensive clozapine course and is tailored towards healthcare professional who are working in community or acute care settings. The 3 modules cover a wide range of topics, in particular blood monitoring and managing side effects. It also incorporates reflective elements, allowing the learner an opportunity to explore and understand the wider aspects of supporting people living with mental health conditions. 

The aim of this programme is to refresh or build on the existing clinical knowledge of healthcare professionals  with respect to clozapine. 

By completing this training, you will: 

  • Update or improve your clinical knowledge and understanding of the modes of action and uses of clozapine
  • Acquire evidence-based knowledge of the side effects and monitoring requirements of clozapine
  • Be familiar with the relevant available clinical resources, and where these are found
  • Be able to identify, prevent, minimise, or resolve medication safety issues associated with clozapine
  • Be competent in supporting your patients undergoing treatment with clozapine 

We recommend that you complete all modules in numerical order to gain the best experience. You may dip in and out of each module as you wish. 

 
ASSESSMENT INFORMATION
  • You must complete and pass a summative assessment consisting of 12 randomly selected multiple-choice questions (MCQs) directly related to all elements of learning in each of the 3 modules, together with several case studies
  • You will only receive a certificate of completion when they have successfully completed all 3 parts of the assessment 
  • The assessment is divided into the following 3 sections:
  • Module 1 and 2: 6 randomly selected MCQs (for each module)
  • Module 3: 6 randomly selected MCQs and case studies 
  • The pass mark for each assessment is 80%
  • You can revisit the course content at any time whilst completing the assessment
  • There is no limit on the number of attempts to pass the assessment as a whole
  • Each question is worth 1 mark. For each multiple choice question you will have either 1 or 2 attempts to answer correctly, depending on the number of options 
  • For True or False questions you will only have 1 attempt to answer correctly

The course is accessible on any device however, some functionality may vary slightly on some devices. For the best learning experience, please ensure your browser is up to date and your display settings are set to 100% scale. If you have difficulties logging in or want to report an issue with accessing the course, please email support@learnitonline.co.uk and we will respond as soon as possible. If you have questions relating to the course or its content, please email info@learnitonline.co.uk.

Whilst Learn It Online has made every attempt to ensure the accuracy of its courses and resources, the content provided should be taken as information only, and not as an alternative to appropriate medical advice. You should always seek the guidance of a qualified health professional about any questions or concerns you may have regarding your own or another’s health or medical condition(s). You should not delay, discontinue or disregard any medical advice or intervention as a result of information provided by Learn It Online. External links to other websites or educational materials are used at your own risk. Under no circumstances is Learn It Online responsible for the accuracy and security of third party websites or organisations.

Learn It Online is not able to respond to any patient-specific enquiries 

Any adverse drug reactions (ADRs) should be reported via the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency’s (MHRA) yellow card scheme as well as, your organisations local reporting system. Any other patient-specific issues or queries should be reported via your organisation’s reporting system.

The content of this course is the property of Learn It Online. You must not attempt to copy, modify, duplicate, create derivative works from, frame, mirror, republish, download, display, transmit, or distribute all or any portion of the content in any form or media or by any means without the permission of Learn It Online.

Key Resources & References

At the time of publishing, all external links were checked and operational. However, be aware you access links at your own risk and some may be restricted or prohibited due to your organisation’s online security parameters. 

Last reviewed 26th July 2022

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Author & Title: Stefan M, Travis M, Murray RM (Eds.) (2002). Clinical features.  In:An Atlas of Schizophrenia. London: The Parthenon Publishing Group, pp 11-30 

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Author & Title: The Schizophrenia Commission (2012) The Abandoned Illness – Executive Summary. [pdf] available at: https://www.rethink.org/media/514088/TSC_executive_summary_14_nov.pdf

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Author & Title: Viatris (2022). Clozaril Connect [Online]. Available from: https://www.hcpinfo.clozaril.co.uk/en-gb/trs-and-clozaril/treatment-management

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Author & Title: Potkin, S. G. et al (1994).Plasma clozapine concentrations predict clinical response in treatment-resistant schizophrenia. J Clin Psychiatry 55, 133–136.

REF NO: 29
Author & Title: Chang, W. H., Lin, S. K., Lane, H. Y., Hu, W. H., Jann, M. W. & Lin, H. N (1997). Clozapine dosages and plasma drug concentrations. J. Formos. Med. Assoc. 96, 599–605.

REF NO: 30
Author & Title: Bleakley S and Taylor D (2013). Plasma levels. In: The Clozapine Handbook. Lloyd-Reinhold Communications, pp.111-118.

REF NO: 31
Author & Title: Zaponex Treatment Access System (ZTAS).(2019). Zaponex Fact Sheet Clozapine metabolism and plasma level monitoring. Available from: https://www.ztas.co.uk

REF NO: 32
Author & Title: Ismail, Z. et al.(2012). Age and sex impact clozapine plasma concentrations in inpatients and outpatients with schizophrenia. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 20, 53–60.

REF NO: 33
Author & Title: Olsson E, Edman G et al.(2015).Genetic and Clinical Factors Affecting Plasma Clozapine Concentration.Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2015; 17(1): 10.4088/PCC.14m01704.. [Online]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4468884/

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Author & Title: Pillinger. T, Beck.K Gobjila. C et al (2017) Impaired Glucose Homeostasis in First-Episode Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis, JAMA Psychiatry.74(3):261-269.

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Author & Title: Dipsquale S, Pariante CM, Dazzan P et al (2013). The dietary pattern of patients with schizophrenia: A systematic review. Journal of Psychiatric Research [Online].  Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022395612003172

REF NO: 37
Author & Title: Sockalingam S. Shammi C. & Remington G (2007). Clozapine-Induced Hypersalivation: A Review of Treatment Strategies, Can J Psychiatry . 52(6), pp. 377–384.

REF NO: 38
Author & Title: Syed R, Au K, Cahill C, et al. (2008) Pharmacological interventions for clozapine-induced hypersalivation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008;(3):CD005579. Published 2008 Jul 16. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005579.pub2

REF NO: 39
Author & Title: Hinkes R, Quesada T, Currier MB, et al (1996). Aspiration pneumonia possibly secondary to clozapine-induced sialorrhea, J Clin Psychopharmacol.16(6), pp.462-463.

REF NO: 40
Author & Title: Robinson D, Fenn H, Yesavage J (1995) Possible association of parotitis with clozapine, The American Journal of Psychiatry 152(2), pp. 297–298.

REF NO: 41
Author & Title: Bleakley S and Taylor D (2013). Adverse reactions: Hypersalivation. In: The Clozapine Handbook. Lloyd-Reinhold Communications, pp.76-85

REF NO: 42
Author & Title: MHRA (2015). Antipsychotics Elearning Module. [Online]. Available from: https://cpd.mhra.gov.uk/antipsychotics/about/

REF NO: 43
Author & Title: Bourgeois JA, Drexler KG, Hall MJ (1991). Hypersalivation and clozapine, Hosp Community Psychiatry 42(11), pp.1174.

REF NO: 44
Author & Title: Dzahini O, Singh N, Taylor D, Haddad P. (2018) Antipsychotic drug use and pneumonia: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Psychopharmacology. 2018;32(11):1167-1181. doi:10.1177/0269881118795333m

REF NO: 45
Author & Title: Galappathie N,Khass S (2014). Clozapine-associated pneumonia and respiratory arrest secondary to severe constipation. MED SCI LAW.;54.105-109–9.

REF NO: 46
Author & Title: Every-Palmer S, Nowitz M et al. (2016).Clozapine-treated Patients Have Marked Gastrointestinal Hypomotility, the Probable Basis of Life-threatening Gastrointestinal Complications: A Cross Sectional Study.EBioMedicine.; 5: 125–134.

REF NO: 47
Author & Title: Cohen D, Bogers JP, van Dijk D, Bakker B, Schulte PF (2012). Beyond white blood cell monitoring: screening in the initial phase of clozapine therapy. J Clin Psychiatry. 2012;73(10):1307–12.

REF NO: 48
Author & Title: Every-Palmer S, Ellis PM et al (2020).Constipation screening in people taking clozapine: A diagnostic accuracy study. Schizophrenia Research Volume 220, June 2020, Pages 179-186

REF NO: 49
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Author & Title: DeHert M , Hudyana H , Dockx L , Bernagie C , Sweers K , Tack J , et al (2011). Second-generation antipsychotics and constipation: A review of the literature, 26(1), pp. 34–44. 

REF NO: 51
Author & Title: Palmer SE , McLean RM , Ellis PM , Harrison-Woolrych M. (2008). Life-threatening clozapine-induced gastrointestinal hypomotility: An analysis of 102 cases, 69(5) pp.759–68.

REF NO: 52
Author & Title: Bleakley S and Taylor D (2013).Gastro-intestinal hypomotility and constipation. In: The Clozapine Handbook. Lloyd-Reinhold Communications, pp.65-69

REF NO: 53
Author & Title: Every-Palmer S, Ellis PM (2017). Clozapine-induced gastrointestinal hypomotility: A 22-year bi-national pharmacovigilance study of serious or fatal ‘slow gut’ reactions, and comparison with international drug safety advice.CNS Drugs, 31(8), pp. 699-709.

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Author & Title: Bleakley S and Taylor D (2013). Adverse reactions:Diabetes mellitus. In: The Clozapine Handbook. Lloyd-Reinhold Communications, pp.42-63

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REF NO: 28
A
uthor & Title: Potkin, S. G. et al (1994).Plasma clozapine concentrations predict clinical response in treatment-resistant schizophrenia. J Clin Psychiatry 55, 133–136.

REF NO: 29
A
uthor & Title: Chang, W. H., Lin, S. K., Lane, H. Y., Hu, W. H., Jann, M. W. & Lin, H. N (1997). Clozapine dosages and plasma drug concentrations. J. Formos. Med. Assoc. 96, 599–605.

REF NO: 30
A
uthor & Title: Bleakley S and Taylor D (2013). Plasma levels. In: The Clozapine Handbook. Lloyd-Reinhold Communications, pp.111-118.

REF NO: 31
A
uthor & Title: Zaponex Treatment Access System (ZTAS).(2019). Zaponex Fact Sheet Clozapine metabolism and plasma level monitoring. Available from: https://www.ztas.co.uk

REF NO: 32
A
uthor & Title: Ismail, Z. et al.(2012). Age and sex impact clozapine plasma concentrations in inpatients and outpatients with schizophrenia. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 20, 53–60.

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